[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":1722},["ShallowReactive",2],{"chapter-53":3},[4,224,399,563,728,891,1055,1222,1391,1557],{"id":5,"title":6,"aeoAnswer":7,"body":8,"chapter":177,"code":178,"description":18,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":180,"examples":181,"excludes":182,"extension":187,"faq":188,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":178,"includes":191,"keyTakeaway":162,"licensingFlags":192,"meta":193,"metaDescription":7,"metaTitle":6,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":195,"plainEnglish":18,"relatedCodes":196,"searchQueries":197,"section":203,"seo":204,"shortTitle":205,"stem":206,"synonyms":207,"topExporters":211,"topImporters":216,"typicalDutyRange":221,"typicalMode":222,"__hash__":223},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5301.md","HS Code 5301 — Raw and Processed Flax Fibres","HS code 5301 covers raw, retted, scutched, or hackled flax and flax waste, serving as the primary raw material for industrial linen production.",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":163},"minimark",[11,15,19,24,40,44,67,71,85,89,94,97,101,133,137,156,160],[12,13,6],"h1",{"id":14},"hs-code-5301-raw-and-processed-flax-fibres",[16,17,18],"p",{},"This code covers flax in its raw state, as well as processed flax that has not yet been spun into yarn. This includes flax tow, waste, and retted flax used to produce linen textiles.",[20,21,23],"h2",{"id":22},"whats-included","What's included",[25,26,27,31,34,37],"ul",{},[28,29,30],"li",{},"Raw flax",[28,32,33],{},"Retted flax",[28,35,36],{},"Flax tow",[28,38,39],{},"Flax yarn waste",[20,41,43],{"id":42},"whats-excluded","What's excluded",[25,45,46,58],{},[28,47,48,52,53,57],{},[49,50,51],"strong",{},"Flax yarn"," → use ",[54,55,56],"code",{},"5306"," (Yarn is considered a manufactured product under 5306)",[28,59,60,52,63,66],{},[49,61,62],{},"Linseed (Flax seed)",[54,64,65],{},"1204"," (Seeds are classified under oil seeds in Chapter 12)",[20,68,70],{"id":69},"common-examples","Common examples",[25,72,73,76,79,82],{},[28,74,75],{},"Bales of scutched flax",[28,77,78],{},"Flax noils for industrial use",[28,80,81],{},"Retted flax straw",[28,83,84],{},"Flax fibre for paper making",[20,86,88],{"id":87},"frequently-asked-questions","Frequently asked questions",[90,91,93],"h3",{"id":92},"difference-between-flax-and-linen","Difference between flax and linen?",[16,95,96],{},"Flax is the plant and fibre (5301), while linen refers to the yarn (5306) or woven fabric (5309) made from it.",[20,98,100],{"id":99},"trade-shipping-notes","Trade & shipping notes",[25,102,103,109,115,121,127],{},[28,104,105,108],{},[49,106,107],{},"Typical duty range:"," 0% - 5%",[28,110,111,114],{},[49,112,113],{},"Documentation:"," Phytosanitary certificates may be required as it is a raw agricultural product.",[28,116,117,120],{},[49,118,119],{},"Typical shipping mode:"," FCL",[28,122,123,126],{},[49,124,125],{},"Top exporters:"," France, Belgium, Netherlands, Belarus",[28,128,129,132],{},[49,130,131],{},"Top importers:"," China, India, Lithuania, Egypt",[20,134,136],{"id":135},"related-hs-codes","Related HS codes",[25,138,139,145,151],{},[28,140,141],{},[142,143,56],"a",{"href":144},"/customs/hs-code/5306",[28,146,147],{},[142,148,150],{"href":149},"/customs/hs-code/5309","5309",[28,152,153],{},[142,154,65],{"href":155},"/customs/hs-code/1204",[20,157,159],{"id":158},"key-takeaway","Key takeaway",[16,161,162],{},"Focuses on the raw agricultural and semi-processed flax fibre before spinning.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":166},"",2,[167,168,169,170,174,175,176],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":171},[172],{"id":92,"depth":173,"text":93},3,{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"53","5301",4,"Phytosanitary certificates may be required as it is a raw agricultural product.",[75,78,81,84],[183,185],{"item":51,"correctCode":56,"reason":184},"Yarn is considered a manufactured product under 5306",{"item":62,"correctCode":65,"reason":186},"Seeds are classified under oil seeds in Chapter 12","md",[189],{"q":93,"a":96},null,[30,33,36,39],[],{},true,"/hs-codes/53/5301",[56,150,65],[198,199,200,201,202],"hs code for raw flax","importing flax fibre","flax waste tariff code","retted flax customs classification","5301 flax fiber duty","XI",{"title":6,"description":18},"Raw and Processed Flax Fibres","hs-codes/53/5301",[208,209,36,210],"Raw linen","Flax straw","Hackled flax",[212,213,214,215],"France","Belgium","Netherlands","Belarus",[217,218,219,220],"China","India","Lithuania","Egypt","0% - 5%","FCL","C2dg3SiscczW_Ys_elzRRa0i2naq-xDjgmhhoV1l1m8",{"id":225,"title":226,"aeoAnswer":227,"body":228,"chapter":177,"code":364,"description":235,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":365,"examples":366,"excludes":367,"extension":187,"faq":372,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":364,"includes":374,"keyTakeaway":352,"licensingFlags":375,"meta":376,"metaDescription":227,"metaTitle":226,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":377,"plainEnglish":235,"relatedCodes":378,"searchQueries":379,"section":203,"seo":385,"shortTitle":386,"stem":387,"synonyms":388,"topExporters":392,"topImporters":395,"typicalDutyRange":397,"typicalMode":222,"__hash__":398},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5302.md","HS Code 5302 — True Hemp Fibres and Waste","HS code 5302 identifies true hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in its raw or processed but unspun form, including tow and fibre waste for industrial use.",{"type":9,"value":229,"toc":353},[230,233,236,238,252,254,274,276,290,292,296,299,301,327,329,348,350],[12,231,226],{"id":232},"hs-code-5302-true-hemp-fibres-and-waste",[16,234,235],{},"This heading covers raw or processed true hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) that has not been spun. It includes retted hemp and waste products like tow, used for textiles, cordage, and paper.",[20,237,23],{"id":22},[25,239,240,243,246,249],{},[28,241,242],{},"Raw true hemp",[28,244,245],{},"Retted hemp",[28,247,248],{},"Hemp tow",[28,250,251],{},"Hemp yarn waste",[20,253,43],{"id":42},[25,255,256,265],{},[28,257,258,52,261,264],{},[49,259,260],{},"Hemp seeds",[54,262,263],{},"1207"," (Seeds belong in Chapter 12 for oil seeds)",[28,266,267,52,270,273],{},[49,268,269],{},"Hemp oil",[54,271,272],{},"1515"," (Vegetable oils are in Chapter 15)",[20,275,70],{"id":69},[25,277,278,281,284,287],{},[28,279,280],{},"Raw hemp stalks for industrial processing",[28,282,283],{},"Degummed hemp fibre",[28,285,286],{},"True hemp tow for insulation",[28,288,289],{},"Hemp waste for paper pulp",[20,291,88],{"id":87},[90,293,295],{"id":294},"does-this-cover-medicinal-cannabis","Does this cover medicinal cannabis?",[16,297,298],{},"No, this heading is strictly for the textile/industrial fibres of the Cannabis sativa L. plant.",[20,300,100],{"id":99},[25,302,303,308,313,317,322],{},[28,304,305,307],{},[49,306,107],{}," 0% - 10%",[28,309,310,312],{},[49,311,113],{}," Check local national laws regarding hemp THC content certifications, even for fibre.",[28,314,315,120],{},[49,316,119],{},[28,318,319,321],{},[49,320,125],{}," France, China, United States, Spain",[28,323,324,326],{},[49,325,131],{}," Germany, Belgium, China, India",[20,328,136],{"id":135},[25,330,331,337,343],{},[28,332,333],{},[142,334,336],{"href":335},"/customs/hs-code/5308","5308",[28,338,339],{},[142,340,342],{"href":341},"/customs/hs-code/5311","5311",[28,344,345],{},[142,346,263],{"href":347},"/customs/hs-code/1207",[20,349,159],{"id":158},[16,351,352],{},"Specifically for true hemp fibres and waste; highly regulated by national drug laws.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":354},[355,356,357,358,361,362,363],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":359},[360],{"id":294,"depth":173,"text":295},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"5302","Check local national laws regarding hemp THC content certifications, even for fibre.",[280,283,286,289],[368,370],{"item":260,"correctCode":263,"reason":369},"Seeds belong in Chapter 12 for oil seeds",{"item":269,"correctCode":272,"reason":371},"Vegetable oils are in Chapter 15",[373],{"q":295,"a":298},[242,245,248,251],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5302",[336,342,263],[380,381,382,383,384],"hs code for industrial hemp fibre","importing raw hemp duty","5302 tariff classification","true hemp waste hs code","hemp fibre customs regulations",{"title":226,"description":235},"True Hemp Fibres and Waste","hs-codes/53/5302",[389,390,391],"Industrial hemp","Cannabis sativa fibre","Hemp bast",[212,217,393,394],"United States","Spain",[396,213,217,218],"Germany","0% - 10%","g482YMA2e1z3MbDdpZIfH4_2agS3Cz4zIRShgCL3fjw",{"id":400,"title":401,"aeoAnswer":402,"body":403,"chapter":177,"code":529,"description":410,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":530,"examples":531,"excludes":532,"extension":187,"faq":535,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":529,"includes":537,"keyTakeaway":517,"licensingFlags":538,"meta":539,"metaDescription":402,"metaTitle":401,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":540,"plainEnglish":410,"relatedCodes":541,"searchQueries":542,"section":203,"seo":548,"shortTitle":549,"stem":550,"synonyms":551,"topExporters":556,"topImporters":559,"typicalDutyRange":221,"typicalMode":222,"__hash__":562},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5303.md","HS Code 5303 — Jute and Bast Textile Fibres","HS code 5303 covers raw or processed jute and other bast fibres, including tow and waste, used extensively in the production of coarse fabrics and packaging.",{"type":9,"value":404,"toc":518},[405,408,411,413,427,429,440,442,456,458,462,465,467,492,494,513,515],[12,406,401],{"id":407},"hs-code-5303-jute-and-bast-textile-fibres",[16,409,410],{},"This code covers jute and other bast textile fibres (excluding flax and hemp) in their raw or processed but unspun state. These fibres are primarily used for making sacks, burlap, and twine.",[20,412,23],{"id":22},[25,414,415,418,421,424],{},[28,416,417],{},"Raw jute",[28,419,420],{},"Processed jute fibre",[28,422,423],{},"Jute tow",[28,425,426],{},"Bast fibre waste",[20,428,43],{"id":42},[25,430,431],{},[28,432,433,52,436,439],{},[49,434,435],{},"Woven jute fabrics (Burlap/Hessian)",[54,437,438],{},"5310"," (Finished fabrics are in 5310)",[20,441,70],{"id":69},[25,443,444,447,450,453],{},[28,445,446],{},"Bales of raw jute",[28,448,449],{},"Jute butt endings",[28,451,452],{},"Processed bast fibres for geotextiles",[28,454,455],{},"Waste jute for cordage",[20,457,88],{"id":87},[90,459,461],{"id":460},"what-are-bast-fibres","What are bast fibres?",[16,463,464],{},"Bast fibres are plant fibres collected from the inner bark, such as jute, kenaf, and urena.",[20,466,100],{"id":99},[25,468,469,473,478,482,487],{},[28,470,471,108],{},[49,472,107],{},[28,474,475,477],{},[49,476,113],{}," Commercial invoice should specify if the jute is raw or processed.",[28,479,480,120],{},[49,481,119],{},[28,483,484,486],{},[49,485,125],{}," Bangladesh, India, Belgium, Brazil",[28,488,489,491],{},[49,490,131],{}," India, Pakistan, China, Nepal",[20,493,136],{"id":135},[25,495,496,502,507],{},[28,497,498],{},[142,499,501],{"href":500},"/customs/hs-code/5307","5307",[28,503,504],{},[142,505,438],{"href":506},"/customs/hs-code/5310",[28,508,509],{},[142,510,512],{"href":511},"/customs/hs-code/6305","6305",[20,514,159],{"id":158},[16,516,517],{},"The primary raw material code for the global jute and bagging industry.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":519},[520,521,522,523,526,527,528],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":524},[525],{"id":460,"depth":173,"text":461},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"5303","Commercial invoice should specify if the jute is raw or processed.",[446,449,452,455],[533],{"item":435,"correctCode":438,"reason":534},"Finished fabrics are in 5310",[536],{"q":461,"a":464},[417,420,423,426],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5303",[501,438,512],[543,544,545,546,547],"hs code for raw jute","jute fibre export duty","5303 tariff code","bast fibre import regulations","jute waste hs code",{"title":401,"description":410},"Jute and Bast Textile Fibres","hs-codes/53/5303",[552,553,554,555],"Jute fibre","Burlap fibre","Hessian fibre","Golden fibre",[557,218,213,558],"Bangladesh","Brazil",[218,560,217,561],"Pakistan","Nepal","g5qcSXuEVRzyQKaJof52cfW-3H3Ka1sCj5niJt27jFg",{"id":564,"title":565,"aeoAnswer":566,"body":567,"chapter":177,"code":693,"description":574,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":694,"examples":695,"excludes":696,"extension":187,"faq":699,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":693,"includes":701,"keyTakeaway":681,"licensingFlags":702,"meta":703,"metaDescription":566,"metaTitle":565,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":704,"plainEnglish":574,"relatedCodes":705,"searchQueries":706,"section":203,"seo":712,"shortTitle":713,"stem":714,"synonyms":715,"topExporters":720,"topImporters":723,"typicalDutyRange":726,"typicalMode":222,"__hash__":727},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5305.md","HS Code 5305 — Coconut, Abaca, and Other Plant Fibres","HS code 5305 covers vegetable textile fibres such as coconut, abaca, and ramie in raw or unspun form, used for industrial mats, rope, and specialty textiles.",{"type":9,"value":568,"toc":682},[569,572,575,577,591,593,604,606,620,622,626,629,631,657,659,677,679],[12,570,565],{"id":571},"hs-code-5305-coconut-abaca-and-other-plant-fibres",[16,573,574],{},"This category covers a variety of vegetable fibres including coconut (coir), abaca (Manila hemp), and ramie. These are raw or processed but not spun, used for brushes, mats, and high-strength cordage.",[20,576,23],{"id":22},[25,578,579,582,585,588],{},[28,580,581],{},"Coconut fibre (Coir)",[28,583,584],{},"Abaca (Manila hemp)",[28,586,587],{},"Ramie fibre",[28,589,590],{},"Sisal waste",[20,592,43],{"id":42},[25,594,595],{},[28,596,597,52,600,603],{},[49,598,599],{},"Cotton",[54,601,602],{},"5201"," (Cotton has its own dedicated chapter)",[20,605,70],{"id":69},[25,607,608,611,614,617],{},[28,609,610],{},"Raw coconut coir for mattress filling",[28,612,613],{},"Abaca fibre for marine ropes",[28,615,616],{},"Ramie degummed fibre",[28,618,619],{},"Pineapple leaf fibre (Piña)",[20,621,88],{"id":87},[90,623,625],{"id":624},"is-sisal-included-here","Is Sisal included here?",[16,627,628],{},"Yes, agave/sisal fibres are often classified here if they are raw or processed but unspun.",[20,630,100],{"id":99},[25,632,633,638,643,647,652],{},[28,634,635,637],{},[49,636,107],{}," 0% - 7%",[28,639,640,642],{},[49,641,113],{}," Check for moisture content limits to avoid weight disputes during shipping.",[28,644,645,120],{},[49,646,119],{},[28,648,649,651],{},[49,650,125],{}," Philippines, India, Sri Lanka, Brazil",[28,653,654,656],{},[49,655,131],{}," China, United States, Japan, South Korea",[20,658,136],{"id":135},[25,660,661,665,671],{},[28,662,663],{},[142,664,336],{"href":335},[28,666,667],{},[142,668,670],{"href":669},"/customs/hs-code/5607","5607",[28,672,673],{},[142,674,676],{"href":675},"/customs/hs-code/5702","5702",[20,678,159],{"id":158},[16,680,681],{},"Broad code for specialty industrial and tropical vegetable fibres like coir and abaca.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":683},[684,685,686,687,690,691,692],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":688},[689],{"id":624,"depth":173,"text":625},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"5305","Check for moisture content limits to avoid weight disputes during shipping.",[610,613,616,619],[697],{"item":599,"correctCode":602,"reason":698},"Cotton has its own dedicated chapter",[700],{"q":625,"a":628},[581,584,587,590],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5305",[336,670,676],[707,708,709,710,711],"hs code for coconut fibre","abaca fibre import duty","5305 tariff rate","ramie fibre hs code","coir waste customs code",{"title":565,"description":574},"Coconut, Abaca, and Other Plant Fibres","hs-codes/53/5305",[716,717,718,719],"Coir","Manila hemp","Vegetable bristles","Plant waste fibre",[721,218,722,558],"Philippines","Sri Lanka",[217,393,724,725],"Japan","South Korea","0% - 7%","CDcIpuyG4-c6aYVybUQ2GFwudGArC1o2BJJ4PtcErYk",{"id":729,"title":730,"aeoAnswer":731,"body":732,"chapter":177,"code":56,"description":739,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":857,"examples":858,"excludes":859,"extension":187,"faq":862,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":56,"includes":864,"keyTakeaway":845,"licensingFlags":865,"meta":866,"metaDescription":731,"metaTitle":730,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":867,"plainEnglish":739,"relatedCodes":868,"searchQueries":869,"section":203,"seo":875,"shortTitle":876,"stem":877,"synonyms":878,"topExporters":882,"topImporters":885,"typicalDutyRange":888,"typicalMode":889,"__hash__":890},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5306.md","HS Code 5306 — Flax Yarn for Linen Textiles","HS code 5306 covers yarn made solely or predominantly from flax (linen), serving as an essential input for the linen apparel and home textile industries.",{"type":9,"value":733,"toc":846},[734,737,740,742,756,758,769,771,785,787,791,794,796,823,825,841,843],[12,735,730],{"id":736},"hs-code-5306-flax-yarn-for-linen-textiles",[16,738,739],{},"This code covers yarn made from flax fibres (linen yarn). It is used primarily by weavers to produce linen cloth for garments, home textiles, and high-end upholstery.",[20,741,23],{"id":22},[25,743,744,747,750,753],{},[28,745,746],{},"Single flax yarn",[28,748,749],{},"Multiple (folded) flax yarn",[28,751,752],{},"Linen yarn for weaving",[28,754,755],{},"Linen yarn for sewing",[20,757,43],{"id":42},[25,759,760],{},[28,761,762,52,765,768],{},[49,763,764],{},"Flax sewing thread for retail sale",[54,766,767],{},"5401"," (Sewing thread for retail has different classification)",[20,770,70],{"id":69},[25,772,773,776,779,782],{},[28,774,775],{},"100% linen weaving yarn",[28,777,778],{},"Bleached flax yarn on cones",[28,780,781],{},"Grey (unbleached) flax yarn",[28,783,784],{},"Dyed linen yarn for knitting",[20,786,88],{"id":87},[90,788,790],{"id":789},"is-flax-yarn-the-same-as-linen-yarn","Is flax yarn the same as linen yarn?",[16,792,793],{},"Yes, in the context of trade and textiles, flax yarn is the technical term for what is commonly called linen yarn.",[20,795,100],{"id":99},[25,797,798,803,808,813,818],{},[28,799,800,802],{},[49,801,107],{}," 4% - 10%",[28,804,805,807],{},[49,806,113],{}," Yarn count (decitex or metric count) should be included in the technical specifications.",[28,809,810,812],{},[49,811,119],{}," LCL",[28,814,815,817],{},[49,816,125],{}," China, Italy, Lithuania, Poland",[28,819,820,822],{},[49,821,131],{}," Italy, Portugal, India, Turkey",[20,824,136],{"id":135},[25,826,827,832,836],{},[28,828,829],{},[142,830,178],{"href":831},"/customs/hs-code/5301",[28,833,834],{},[142,835,150],{"href":149},[28,837,838],{},[142,839,767],{"href":840},"/customs/hs-code/5401",[20,842,159],{"id":158},[16,844,845],{},"The essential classification for linen yarn used in high-quality textile manufacturing.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":847},[848,849,850,851,854,855,856],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":852},[853],{"id":789,"depth":173,"text":790},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"Yarn count (decitex or metric count) should be included in the technical specifications.",[775,778,781,784],[860],{"item":764,"correctCode":767,"reason":861},"Sewing thread for retail has different classification",[863],{"q":790,"a":793},[746,749,752,755],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5306",[178,150,767],[870,871,872,873,874],"hs code for linen yarn","flax yarn import duty","5306 tariff classification","importing linen yarn from europe","linen thread hs code",{"title":730,"description":739},"Flax Yarn for Linen Textiles","hs-codes/53/5306",[879,880,881],"Linen yarn","Flaxen thread","Weaving linen",[217,883,219,884],"Italy","Poland",[883,886,218,887],"Portugal","Turkey","4% - 10%","LCL","79r8-gf3rShKfxCLgidRDMlhfTTI_6o3WEGhj22LEGM",{"id":892,"title":893,"aeoAnswer":894,"body":895,"chapter":177,"code":501,"description":902,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":1023,"examples":1024,"excludes":1025,"extension":187,"faq":1030,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":501,"includes":1032,"keyTakeaway":1011,"licensingFlags":1033,"meta":1034,"metaDescription":894,"metaTitle":893,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":1035,"plainEnglish":902,"relatedCodes":1036,"searchQueries":1037,"section":203,"seo":1043,"shortTitle":1044,"stem":1045,"synonyms":1046,"topExporters":1051,"topImporters":1052,"typicalDutyRange":1053,"typicalMode":222,"__hash__":1054},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5307.md","HS Code 5307 — Jute and Bast Fibre Yarn","HS code 5307 covers yarn spun from jute or other textile bast fibres, excluding flax and true hemp, used primarily in industrial textiles and floor coverings.",{"type":9,"value":896,"toc":1012},[897,900,903,905,919,921,939,941,952,954,958,961,963,989,991,1007,1009],[12,898,893],{"id":899},"hs-code-5307-jute-and-bast-fibre-yarn",[16,901,902],{},"This code covers yarn made from jute or other bast fibres like hemp and kenaf. It includes both single and multiple yarns used primarily in industrial weaving, carpet backing, and heavy-duty twine manufacturing.",[20,904,23],{"id":22},[25,906,907,910,913,916],{},[28,908,909],{},"Single jute yarn",[28,911,912],{},"Multiple or cabled jute yarn",[28,914,915],{},"Yarn of kenaf fibres",[28,917,918],{},"Yarn of urena fibres",[20,920,43],{"id":42},[25,922,923,931],{},[28,924,925,52,928,930],{},[49,926,927],{},"Yarn of flax",[54,929,56],{}," (Flax yarn is classified under its own heading in the Harmonised System.)",[28,932,933,52,936,938],{},[49,934,935],{},"Paper yarn",[54,937,336],{}," (Paper yarn is distinct from natural bast fibre yarns.)",[20,940,70],{"id":69},[25,942,943,946,949],{},[28,944,945],{},"Natural jute yarn for sack making",[28,947,948],{},"Twisted kenaf yarn for handicrafts",[28,950,951],{},"Single-ply jute yarn for carpet backing",[20,953,88],{"id":87},[90,955,957],{"id":956},"does-this-code-include-dyed-jute-yarn","Does this code include dyed jute yarn?",[16,959,960],{},"Yes, HS code 5307 applies to jute yarn whether it is unbleached, bleached, or dyed for commercial use.",[20,962,100],{"id":99},[25,964,965,970,975,979,984],{},[28,966,967,969],{},[49,968,107],{}," 0% - 15%",[28,971,972,974],{},[49,973,113],{}," Certificates of origin are often required to benefit from GSP rates in developing nations.",[28,976,977,120],{},[49,978,119],{},[28,980,981,983],{},[49,982,125],{}," Bangladesh, India, China",[28,985,986,988],{},[49,987,131],{}," Turkey, Egypt, Belgium, Brazil",[20,990,136],{"id":135},[25,992,993,998,1003],{},[28,994,995],{},[142,996,529],{"href":997},"/customs/hs-code/5303",[28,999,1000],{},[142,1001,693],{"href":1002},"/customs/hs-code/5305",[28,1004,1005],{},[142,1006,438],{"href":506},[20,1008,159],{"id":158},[16,1010,1011],{},"Primary code for jute yarn used in heavy textiles and industrial applications, dominated by South Asian production.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":1013},[1014,1015,1016,1017,1020,1021,1022],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":1018},[1019],{"id":956,"depth":173,"text":957},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"Certificates of origin are often required to benefit from GSP rates in developing nations.",[945,948,951],[1026,1028],{"item":927,"correctCode":56,"reason":1027},"Flax yarn is classified under its own heading in the Harmonised System.",{"item":935,"correctCode":336,"reason":1029},"Paper yarn is distinct from natural bast fibre yarns.",[1031],{"q":957,"a":960},[909,912,915,918],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5307",[529,693,438],[1038,1039,1040,1041,1042],"importing jute yarn from bangladesh","hs code for kenaf yarn","jute yarn customs duty","raw jute yarn textile manufacturing","jute yarn hs code international trade",{"title":893,"description":902},"Jute and Bast Fibre Yarn","hs-codes/53/5307",[1047,1048,1049,1050],"Golden fibre yarn","Hessian yarn","Urena yarn","Burlap yarn",[557,218,217],[887,220,213,558],"0% - 15%","6E4iKJmo__3h8h4C225KRLtVx7YAb23qzair_dOtorI",{"id":1056,"title":1057,"aeoAnswer":1058,"body":1059,"chapter":177,"code":336,"description":1066,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":1190,"examples":1191,"excludes":1192,"extension":187,"faq":1197,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":336,"includes":1199,"keyTakeaway":1178,"licensingFlags":1200,"meta":1201,"metaDescription":1058,"metaTitle":1057,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":1202,"plainEnglish":1066,"relatedCodes":1203,"searchQueries":1204,"section":203,"seo":1210,"shortTitle":1211,"stem":1212,"synonyms":1213,"topExporters":1218,"topImporters":1219,"typicalDutyRange":397,"typicalMode":889,"__hash__":1221},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5308.md","HS Code 5308 — Vegetable and Paper Yarns","HS code 5308 is the classification for yarns made of vegetable fibres like hemp, ramie, and abaca, as well as paper yarn used for weaving and cordage.",{"type":9,"value":1060,"toc":1179},[1061,1064,1067,1069,1083,1085,1105,1107,1121,1123,1127,1130,1132,1157,1159,1174,1176],[12,1062,1057],{"id":1063},"hs-code-5308-vegetable-and-paper-yarns",[16,1065,1066],{},"This category includes yarns made from various plant fibres not covered elsewhere, such as coconut coir, hemp, ramie, and paper. These yarns are typically used for mats, cordage, or specialised eco-friendly textiles.",[20,1068,23],{"id":22},[25,1070,1071,1074,1077,1080],{},[28,1072,1073],{},"Coir (coconut fibre) yarn",[28,1075,1076],{},"True hemp yarn",[28,1078,1079],{},"Ramie yarn",[28,1081,1082],{},"Paper yarn for weaving",[20,1084,43],{"id":42},[25,1086,1087,1096],{},[28,1088,1089,52,1092,1095],{},[49,1090,1091],{},"Cotton yarn",[54,1093,1094],{},"5205"," (Cotton has its own dedicated chapter (52).)",[28,1097,1098,52,1101,1104],{},[49,1099,1100],{},"Synthetic yarns",[54,1102,1103],{},"5402"," (Man-made filaments are classified in chapter 54.)",[20,1106,70],{"id":69},[25,1108,1109,1112,1115,1118],{},[28,1110,1111],{},"Spun hemp yarn for apparel",[28,1113,1114],{},"Coconut coir yarn for mats",[28,1116,1117],{},"Twisted paper yarn for furniture weaving",[28,1119,1120],{},"Ramie knitting yarn",[20,1122,88],{"id":87},[90,1124,1126],{"id":1125},"is-hemp-yarn-under-this-code-restricted","Is hemp yarn under this code restricted?",[16,1128,1129],{},"While the HS code is for the yarn, several countries require phytosanitary certificates or specific THC testing documentation for hemp products.",[20,1131,100],{"id":99},[25,1133,1134,1138,1143,1147,1152],{},[28,1135,1136,307],{},[49,1137,107],{},[28,1139,1140,1142],{},[49,1141,113],{}," Requires clear identification of the plant species on the commercial invoice.",[28,1144,1145,812],{},[49,1146,119],{},[28,1148,1149,1151],{},[49,1150,125],{}," China, India, Sri Lanka",[28,1153,1154,1156],{},[49,1155,131],{}," France, USA, Germany",[20,1158,136],{"id":135},[25,1160,1161,1165,1170],{},[28,1162,1163],{},[142,1164,178],{"href":831},[28,1166,1167],{},[142,1168,364],{"href":1169},"/customs/hs-code/5302",[28,1171,1172],{},[142,1173,342],{"href":341},[20,1175,159],{"id":158},[16,1177,1178],{},"The catch-all code for niche natural vegetable yarns including hemp, ramie, and paper.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":1180},[1181,1182,1183,1184,1187,1188,1189],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":1185},[1186],{"id":1125,"depth":173,"text":1126},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"Requires clear identification of the plant species on the commercial invoice.",[1111,1114,1117,1120],[1193,1195],{"item":1091,"correctCode":1094,"reason":1194},"Cotton has its own dedicated chapter (52).",{"item":1100,"correctCode":1103,"reason":1196},"Man-made filaments are classified in chapter 54.",[1198],{"q":1126,"a":1129},[1073,1076,1079,1082],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5308",[178,364,342],[1205,1206,1207,1208,1209],"hs code for hemp yarn","importing ramie yarn from china","paper yarn for weaving tariff","coir yarn customs classification","vegetable textile fibre yarn codes",{"title":1057,"description":1066},"Vegetable and Paper Yarns","hs-codes/53/5308",[1214,1215,1216,1217],"Hemp thread","Coir string","Kraft paper yarn","Nettle yarn",[217,218,722],[212,1220,396],"USA","xBvnF9b3BlHYjTfC78NFa8n6J_GA6ALfGQJG8ggZ5o8",{"id":1223,"title":1224,"aeoAnswer":1225,"body":1226,"chapter":177,"code":150,"description":1233,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":1357,"examples":1358,"excludes":1359,"extension":187,"faq":1364,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":150,"includes":1366,"keyTakeaway":1345,"licensingFlags":1367,"meta":1368,"metaDescription":1225,"metaTitle":1224,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":1369,"plainEnglish":1233,"relatedCodes":1370,"searchQueries":1371,"section":203,"seo":1377,"shortTitle":1378,"stem":1379,"synonyms":1380,"topExporters":1385,"topImporters":1386,"typicalDutyRange":1389,"typicalMode":222,"__hash__":1390},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5309.md","HS Code 5309 — Woven Flax (Linen) Fabrics","HS code 5309 covers woven fabrics containing at least 85% flax by weight, or mixtures where flax is the dominant vegetable fibre, used for linen clothing.",{"type":9,"value":1227,"toc":1346},[1228,1231,1234,1236,1250,1252,1270,1272,1286,1288,1292,1295,1297,1323,1325,1341,1343],[12,1229,1224],{"id":1230},"hs-code-5309-woven-flax-linen-fabrics",[16,1232,1233],{},"This code covers woven fabrics made predominantly of flax, commonly known as linen. These fabrics are widely used in high-end apparel, household linens like tablecloths, and upholstery due to their breathability and durability.",[20,1235,23],{"id":22},[25,1237,1238,1241,1244,1247],{},[28,1239,1240],{},"Unbleached linen fabric",[28,1242,1243],{},"Dyed flax cloth",[28,1245,1246],{},"Printed linen fabric",[28,1248,1249],{},"Flax canvas",[20,1251,43],{"id":42},[25,1253,1254,1263],{},[28,1255,1256,52,1259,1262],{},[49,1257,1258],{},"Knitted or crocheted linen",[54,1260,1261],{},"6006"," (Knitted materials are excluded from 'woven' headings.)",[28,1264,1265,52,1267,1269],{},[49,1266,51],{},[54,1268,56],{}," (Unprocessed yarns are classified separately from finished fabrics.)",[20,1271,70],{"id":69},[25,1273,1274,1277,1280,1283],{},[28,1275,1276],{},"100% linen dress fabric",[28,1278,1279],{},"Bleached flax fabric for bedsheets",[28,1281,1282],{},"Multicolour woven linen upholstery",[28,1284,1285],{},"Raw unbleached linen canvas",[20,1287,88],{"id":87},[90,1289,1291],{"id":1290},"what-is-the-weight-threshold-for-this-code","What is the weight threshold for this code?",[16,1293,1294],{},"Subheadings distinguish between fabrics weighing more or less than 200 grams per square metre.",[20,1296,100],{"id":99},[25,1298,1299,1304,1309,1313,1318],{},[28,1300,1301,1303],{},[49,1302,107],{}," 5% - 12%",[28,1305,1306,1308],{},[49,1307,113],{}," Thread count and weight per m2 must be stated on the packing list.",[28,1310,1311,120],{},[49,1312,119],{},[28,1314,1315,1317],{},[49,1316,125],{}," China, Italy, Belgium, Belarus",[28,1319,1320,1322],{},[49,1321,131],{}," USA, Vietnam, Italy, United Kingdom",[20,1324,136],{"id":135},[25,1326,1327,1331,1335],{},[28,1328,1329],{},[142,1330,56],{"href":144},[28,1332,1333],{},[142,1334,342],{"href":341},[28,1336,1337],{},[142,1338,1340],{"href":1339},"/customs/hs-code/6302","6302",[20,1342,159],{"id":158},[16,1344,1345],{},"Essential code for the linen industry, covering everything from lightweight apparel to heavy-duty canvas.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":1347},[1348,1349,1350,1351,1354,1355,1356],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":1352},[1353],{"id":1290,"depth":173,"text":1291},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"Thread count and weight per m2 must be stated on the packing list.",[1276,1279,1282,1285],[1360,1362],{"item":1258,"correctCode":1261,"reason":1361},"Knitted materials are excluded from 'woven' headings.",{"item":51,"correctCode":56,"reason":1363},"Unprocessed yarns are classified separately from finished fabrics.",[1365],{"q":1291,"a":1294},[1240,1243,1246,1249],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5309",[56,342,1340],[1372,1373,1374,1375,1376],"importing linen fabric from italy","hs code for 100% flax fabric","linen fabric customs duty uk","woven flax fabric exporters","difference between 5309 and 5311",{"title":1224,"description":1233},"Woven Flax (Linen) Fabrics","hs-codes/53/5309",[1381,1382,1383,1384],"Linen fabric","Flax cloth","Linweave","Hearth cloth",[217,883,213,215],[1220,1387,883,1388],"Vietnam","United Kingdom","5% - 12%","nBxp-4QdHFWcsFVeaCbstuuNEAI7J2WuMHUz7gtr_Es",{"id":1392,"title":1393,"aeoAnswer":1394,"body":1395,"chapter":177,"code":438,"description":1402,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":1526,"examples":1527,"excludes":1528,"extension":187,"faq":1533,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":438,"includes":1535,"keyTakeaway":1514,"licensingFlags":1536,"meta":1537,"metaDescription":1394,"metaTitle":1393,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":1538,"plainEnglish":1402,"relatedCodes":1539,"searchQueries":1540,"section":203,"seo":1546,"shortTitle":1547,"stem":1548,"synonyms":1549,"topExporters":1554,"topImporters":1555,"typicalDutyRange":397,"typicalMode":222,"__hash__":1556},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5310.md","HS Code 5310 — Woven Jute and Bast Fabrics","HS code 5310 is for woven fabrics of jute or other textile bast fibres, commonly used for industrial sacks, burlap bags, and environmental geotextiles.",{"type":9,"value":1396,"toc":1515},[1397,1400,1403,1405,1419,1421,1440,1442,1456,1458,1462,1465,1467,1492,1494,1510,1512],[12,1398,1393],{"id":1399},"hs-code-5310-woven-jute-and-bast-fabrics",[16,1401,1402],{},"This code covers heavy-duty woven fabrics made from jute or other bast fibres. Most commonly known as hessian or burlap, these fabrics are used for sacks, bags, carpet backing, and industrial erosion control.",[20,1404,23],{"id":22},[25,1406,1407,1410,1413,1416],{},[28,1408,1409],{},"Hessian cloth",[28,1411,1412],{},"Burlap fabric",[28,1414,1415],{},"Woven jute backing for carpets",[28,1417,1418],{},"Bleached jute fabric",[20,1420,43],{"id":42},[25,1422,1423,1431],{},[28,1424,1425,52,1428,1430],{},[49,1426,1427],{},"Ready-made jute bags",[54,1429,512],{}," (Finished articles like sacks are classified in chapter 63.)",[28,1432,1433,52,1436,1439],{},[49,1434,1435],{},"Non-woven geotextiles",[54,1437,1438],{},"5603"," (Only woven constructions fall under 5310.)",[20,1441,70],{"id":69},[25,1443,1444,1447,1450,1453],{},[28,1445,1446],{},"Raw jute fabric for sandbags",[28,1448,1449],{},"Dyed burlap for decorative use",[28,1451,1452],{},"Woven kenaf fabric",[28,1454,1455],{},"Jute webbings for furniture",[20,1457,88],{"id":87},[90,1459,1461],{"id":1460},"does-this-cover-decorative-burlap","Does this cover decorative burlap?",[16,1463,1464],{},"Yes, regardless of the finish (dyed or bleached), if it is a woven jute fabric, it falls here.",[20,1466,100],{"id":99},[25,1468,1469,1473,1478,1482,1487],{},[28,1470,1471,307],{},[49,1472,107],{},[28,1474,1475,1477],{},[49,1476,113],{}," Invoices should specify if the fabric is bleached, unbleached, or dyed.",[28,1479,1480,120],{},[49,1481,119],{},[28,1483,1484,1486],{},[49,1485,125],{}," India, Bangladesh, China",[28,1488,1489,1491],{},[49,1490,131],{}," USA, Netherlands, Germany, Vietnam",[20,1493,136],{"id":135},[25,1495,1496,1500,1504],{},[28,1497,1498],{},[142,1499,501],{"href":500},[28,1501,1502],{},[142,1503,512],{"href":511},[28,1505,1506],{},[142,1507,1509],{"href":1508},"/customs/hs-code/5911","5911",[20,1511,159],{"id":158},[16,1513,1514],{},"The primary classification for bulk woven jute materials used in packaging and industry.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":1516},[1517,1518,1519,1520,1523,1524,1525],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":1521},[1522],{"id":1460,"depth":173,"text":1461},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"Invoices should specify if the fabric is bleached, unbleached, or dyed.",[1446,1449,1452,1455],[1529,1531],{"item":1427,"correctCode":512,"reason":1530},"Finished articles like sacks are classified in chapter 63.",{"item":1435,"correctCode":1438,"reason":1532},"Only woven constructions fall under 5310.",[1534],{"q":1461,"a":1464},[1409,1412,1415,1418],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5310",[501,512,1509],[1541,1542,1543,1544,1545],"hs code for burlap fabric","jute fabric import duty","hessian cloth tariff code","woven jute suppliers india","industrial jute fabric customs",{"title":1393,"description":1402},"Woven Jute and Bast Fabrics","hs-codes/53/5310",[1550,1551,1552,1553],"Hessian","Burlap","Gunny cloth","Sacking",[218,557,217],[1220,214,396,1387],"sT1Vyp7RPa6KTRbkSXIFLxeSgM98xMcPrJycueLlcII",{"id":1558,"title":1559,"aeoAnswer":1560,"body":1561,"chapter":177,"code":342,"description":1568,"digits":179,"documentationNotes":1690,"examples":1691,"excludes":1692,"extension":187,"faq":1697,"hazmatClass":190,"heading":342,"includes":1699,"keyTakeaway":1678,"licensingFlags":1700,"meta":1701,"metaDescription":1560,"metaTitle":1559,"navigation":194,"parent":177,"path":1702,"plainEnglish":1568,"relatedCodes":1703,"searchQueries":1704,"section":203,"seo":1710,"shortTitle":1711,"stem":1712,"synonyms":1713,"topExporters":1718,"topImporters":1719,"typicalDutyRange":1720,"typicalMode":889,"__hash__":1721},"hsCodes/hs-codes/53/5311.md","HS Code 5311 — Other Vegetable and Paper Fabrics","HS code 5311 covers woven fabrics made from vegetable textile fibres not otherwise specified, including hemp, ramie, and fabrics made from paper yarn.",{"type":9,"value":1562,"toc":1679},[1563,1566,1569,1571,1585,1587,1605,1607,1621,1623,1627,1630,1632,1658,1660,1674,1676],[12,1564,1559],{"id":1565},"hs-code-5311-other-vegetable-and-paper-fabrics",[16,1567,1568],{},"A residual category for woven fabrics made from various plant fibres (like hemp, ramie, or sisal) and paper yarn. These are used in specialized apparel, eco-friendly accessories, and artistic wall coverings.",[20,1570,23],{"id":22},[25,1572,1573,1576,1579,1582],{},[28,1574,1575],{},"Woven hemp fabric",[28,1577,1578],{},"Ramie cloth",[28,1580,1581],{},"Paper yarn fabric",[28,1583,1584],{},"Sisal woven cloth",[20,1586,43],{"id":42},[25,1588,1589,1597],{},[28,1590,1591,52,1594,1596],{},[49,1592,1593],{},"Woven flax (linen)",[54,1595,150],{}," (Flax fabrics have a specific heading (5309).)",[28,1598,1599,52,1602,1604],{},[49,1600,1601],{},"Woven jute",[54,1603,438],{}," (Jute fabrics have a specific heading (5310).)",[20,1606,70],{"id":69},[25,1608,1609,1612,1615,1618],{},[28,1610,1611],{},"100% hemp cloth for shirts",[28,1613,1614],{},"Woven ramie fabric for luxury linen looks",[28,1616,1617],{},"Paper yarn wall covering fabric",[28,1619,1620],{},"Sisal cloth for industrial buffing",[20,1622,88],{"id":87},[90,1624,1626],{"id":1625},"are-these-fabrics-treated-as-sustainable-for-customs","Are these fabrics treated as 'sustainable' for customs?",[16,1628,1629],{},"Customs classification is based on material composition, not environmental marketing; however, certifications like GOTS may help with commercial value.",[20,1631,100],{"id":99},[25,1633,1634,1639,1644,1648,1653],{},[28,1635,1636,1638],{},[49,1637,107],{}," 5% - 15%",[28,1640,1641,1643],{},[49,1642,113],{}," Composition percentages (e.g., 55% hemp, 45% cotton) are vital for correct sub-classification.",[28,1645,1646,812],{},[49,1647,119],{},[28,1649,1650,1652],{},[49,1651,125],{}," China, Italy, Japan",[28,1654,1655,1657],{},[49,1656,131],{}," USA, South Korea, France",[20,1659,136],{"id":135},[25,1661,1662,1666,1670],{},[28,1663,1664],{},[142,1665,336],{"href":335},[28,1667,1668],{},[142,1669,150],{"href":149},[28,1671,1672],{},[142,1673,438],{"href":506},[20,1675,159],{"id":158},[16,1677,1678],{},"Catch-all heading for niche vegetable and paper-based fabrics increasingly popular in sustainable fashion.",{"title":164,"searchDepth":165,"depth":165,"links":1680},[1681,1682,1683,1684,1687,1688,1689],{"id":22,"depth":165,"text":23},{"id":42,"depth":165,"text":43},{"id":69,"depth":165,"text":70},{"id":87,"depth":165,"text":88,"children":1685},[1686],{"id":1625,"depth":173,"text":1626},{"id":99,"depth":165,"text":100},{"id":135,"depth":165,"text":136},{"id":158,"depth":165,"text":159},"Composition percentages (e.g., 55% hemp, 45% cotton) are vital for correct sub-classification.",[1611,1614,1617,1620],[1693,1695],{"item":1593,"correctCode":150,"reason":1694},"Flax fabrics have a specific heading (5309).",{"item":1601,"correctCode":438,"reason":1696},"Jute fabrics have a specific heading (5310).",[1698],{"q":1626,"a":1629},[1575,1578,1581,1584],[],{},"/hs-codes/53/5311",[336,150,438],[1705,1706,1707,1708,1709],"hs code for woven hemp","importing ramie fabric","paper yarn fabric customs classification","hemp textile import regulations","woven sisal fabric duty",{"title":1559,"description":1568},"Other Vegetable and Paper Fabrics","hs-codes/53/5311",[1714,1715,1716,1717],"Hemp fabric","Grasscloth","China grass fabric","Ramie textile",[217,883,724],[1220,725,212],"5% - 15%","wIPshOTBLpdmoMkx_be0XhpEja1bNtldqyx_4NycC3s",1778802389374]